Narrative Styles In Poe, Melville, Hawthorne Essay -- essays research

narrative styles in Melville’s Bartleby, Poe’s Arthur Gordon Pym, and Hawthorne’s The House of Seven Gables. How all three authors utilize a â€Å"conversational† tone for the function of their work.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In works by three of the most classically American authors of the nineteenth century, Melville, Poe, and Hawthorne, a trait that can be considered common to all three authors is pronounced clearly as a means to their narration. This trait is that of deploying a narrative laden with- and moreover led by –conversational phrasing and asides. The flow of passages in these authors’ works, Bartleby, Arthur Gordon Pym, and The House of Seven Gables, takes on a spoken structure, and numerous operations are made by each writer to establish a link with the reader as though he or she is actually engaged in an exchange of living conversation with the author. This approach is probably quite intentional and may be seen, since it is occurring in some of the most celebrated American authors of the period, to be one that portrays the literary mindset and mechanic at large during the time in which these books were written. In Melville’s Bartleby, this distinction becomes clear immediately. Although any first-person narrative is designed to impart upon the reader a close proximity to the protagonist, there are extra measures apparent in the style of this short story that furthers this. Shortly into the beginning of the narration, the voice gives the following passage (pg. 4): â€Å"I do not speak it in vanity, but simply to record the fact, that I was not unemployed in my profession by the late John Jacob Astor, I name which, I admit, I love to repeat, for it hath a rounded and orbicular sound to it, and rings like unto bullion. I will freely add, that I was not insensible to the late John Jacob Astor’s good opinion.† This single block of text is heavily charged with conversational phrasing: â€Å"I do not speak it in vanity;† â€Å"I admit, I love to repeat;† â€Å"I will freely add.† Such structures signal that the voice is one issuing from not merely from a w riter, but rather from a speaker. Furthermore, the structure of the following passages takes on the form of an oral report in which the narrator goes through descriptions of his colleagues point-by-point, as though he is simply trying to introduce them as concepts not to be forgotten throughout the ensuing lecture... ...heir positioning between segments of a more interpersonal nature, they render an effect of listening to their delivery rather than merely reading them, especially as they are often sewn back into the thread of the story via an expression such as one make in an oral presentation. The above passage, for example, is tied back into the narrative by â€Å"But to return from this digression.†   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Of the three pieces examined, Poe’s is the least overt in the narrative features described. His approach has more inventive aspects to it, and while it also differs most radically in detail and content, Arthur Gordon Pym, put alongside the works of Nathaniel Hawthorne and Herman Melville, seems to suggest a step into more modern story-telling. This proposition is easily evidenced in face of the widely accepted viewpoint that Poe was the first true developer of the mystery or crime story. And if he is the most modern and his narrative style the least similar to that of either Melville or Hawthorne in the sense described earlier, than this trait of conversational address throughout a text may be all the more considered as emblematic of fiction in nineteenth century America.

International trade as opportunity for workers Essay

When is international trade an opportunity for workers? When is it a threat to workers? International trade is rewarding as it is unsatisfying when it comes to the average worker. When a new business is started for that region or area jobs are expanded merely because it is expected that it will be at a rate of lower cost production along with less expense on product materials. The more the business is in demand the more job opportunities a created or expanded. In some incidents, not so much in Mexico, but in different areas it has resulted in the local economy struggling with jobs. In some new found companies or businesses, they find that bringing in pre-trained employees (especially white collar employees) and resources fair better than working with the local nationals in that area. This very well could happen in Mexico for different types of businesses, but it is still unlikely for the mere reason of bidding for the local support. Economic prosperity is a large reason for International trade, but along with the wealth is a better chance of rules, regulations, and benefits from employees with the new found business. The laws enforced by International trade agreements tend to stress more worker related issues than that of a host nation of many second or third world countries. If the benefits and laws all improve the local’s views on the new business then a better turnout and support structure will follow for everyone involved. The best example of this is how NAFTA has implemented change and looks to have this enforced by all countries that agree to the terms with in the agreement. What are some of the major challenges confronting the international trading system? International trading has a plethora of challenges that barricade the system before any true benefits are reveled. Among these challenges are the social structure indifferences that are displayed between countries as it pertains to business plans and the split of revenue between parties. With the continuing differences between international organizations, too much red tape is casted over many prime opportunities for growth between organizations. Therefore, values that represent democratic, political and economic principles are what international organizations should be about (Moore, 1999). In addition to the government and political structures that cause challenges for international trading systems, natural resources are a key deterrent in international trade. In places like South America where the lumber and logging business is prosperous, many international trades are restrained from outside agencies coming into that region and depleting the resources more than they already have been depleted. The entire world is feeling the effects of what is considered to be the green house effect and the environmental issues that face every country range in lack of natural resources in different areas to natural disasters that alter the way the land, structures, and businesses are ran. International trade faces the constant change of supply and demand and while the world has always relied on fossil fuels for power or energy, new forms of energy are being developed that shows that international trade varies from one day to the next with its challenges. Reference: Kongsrud, P.M. and I. Wanner (2005), _†The Impact of Structural Policies on Trade-related Adjustments and the Shift to Services†_, OECD Economics Department, Working Papers, No. 427, Retrieved December 3, 2008, from http://www.oecd.org/dataoecd/49/29/20686301.HTM Moore, M. (1999, September 28). _Changes for the global trading system in the new millenium_. Retrieved December 1, 2008, from WTO News: http://www.wto.org/english/news_e/pres99_e/pr139_e.htm

Museum Essay

` Judge, Stephanie Art 100 Museum Essay and Online Museum Essay Bibliography: â€Å"William-Adolphe Bouguereau Biography. † Bouguereau Biography. N. p. , n. d. Web. 01 Oct. 2012. . â€Å"MFAH | Top 100 Highlights | #1 – The Elder Sister. † MFAH | Top 100 Highlights | #1 – The Elder Sister. N. p. , n. d. Web. 22 Sept. 2012. . Online Museum Essay William-Adolphe Bouguereau (1825-1905) The Elder Sister, 1869 Oil on canvas, 51 ? x 38 ? inches The Museum of Fine Arts, HoustonOne of the finest French artists of the 19th century thought of by many is William Bouguereau. He was well known for his traditional academic style and depicted paintings in such a way where they would seem life like and flawless taking away any imperfections. He was admired by the wealthy and known for painting portraits of others, in which he won many awards for. He also enjoyed painting portraits of his children. In Bouguereau’s The Elder Sister he created a life like portrait of his daughter and son on canvas in 1869. One thing that distinguished him from other artists was his attention to precise detail.It has been said that there were no other artists were as original that could create such beautiful paintings as him. When taking a closer look at this particular painting The Elders Sister, it becomes evident why he is considered one of the finest 19th century artists. Bouguereau’s The Elder Sister is a traditional oil painting on canvas that measures 51 ? x 38 ? inches. At first glance the viewer will notice the overall soft contoured lines while looking at a pair of young children, whom are surrounded by rural landscape into the vanishing point that meets the cloudy blue-grey sky in the horizon.The elements of analogous earth tones seen throughout the painting are accompanied by a few complimentary colors seen on the children’s clothing which produce a great sense of calmness and ease. The composition as a whole is asymmetrically balanced b y a dark pigmented green bush in the right near corner which is placed beside the children. To the left of them is a small grayish house that displays fine lines and geometric shapes that depicts organic tall green trees that hover well above the house.The positive shape and focal point of the composition is the elder sister whom is sitting in the near distance on a rock, which is covered by abstract textures and shades of green grass that surround the whole landscape. Slouched a bit forward, one arm is quietly holding her sleeping infant brother while cradling his small torso as her other arm rests vertically over his legs onto her right knee as she gazes directly at the viewer with an intense stare. The infant seems to be comfortable in her arms by the way he is laying. Noticeably the children are exquisitely portrayed leaving no signs of any flaws.They are dressed in earth toned pristine clothing, which are painted with such delicacy and show great detail in the value. In the dis tance behind the space where the infant’s head lays a small pond below what appears to be grassy hills and mountains, these all appear smaller than the children which create depth and distance. Above the horizon towards the vanishing point shows a sky filled with darkened clouds combined with lighter ones that appear to encompass the top portion of the plane down to the waist of the girl. The way in which Bouguereau painted represents how passionate he was in depicting what he saw.The way the portrait is conveyed creates unity and keeps every element of the painting easy for the viewer to follow. One example would be the use of rhythm and repetition used in the clouds. It is evident that he displayed complete control when creating the contoured and implied lines in the space. The overview of The Elder Sister is yet a timeless work of art and creates a perfected masterpiece of the quiet beauty of the children and the natural green hues of the landscape. The peaceful feeling th at The Elder Sister recommends is something that one can take with them after viewing this work of art.This is a painting that brings serenity and shows how siblings can care for one another. It is showed in the way the sister is holding her infant brother in her arms giving him a sense of ease. Bouguereau obviously has a passion for painting his children and demonstrates it through the soft delicate details. http://www. mfah. org/art/100-highlights/Elder-Sister-Bouguereau/ In person Museum Paper OVER- MODELED SKULL 20th Century Vanuatu, Melanesia Different from any other art such as traditional arts are not actually created for any other reason other than religious rituals or conceivably community functions.The OVER-MODELED SKULL is a dynamic piece of art from the twentieth century that caught my eye while I was at the Bowers Museum. This particular skull came from Vanuatu, Melanesia otherwise known as Oceania. It is an island in the South Pacific Ocean where only chiefs and men of high rank would be honored after their passing. After a year of someone of this rank died, the modeled skull would be created by a skilled craftsman to resemble the deceased man and then used in ceremonies and placed in their house.It is believed that the spiritual power would remain there for about twenty years. After observing this body of material a few times over again, it is evident that this particular culture of Oceania takes pride in making such art and it is an important part of their everyday life. This modeled skull was composed from vegetable matter, sap, pigment and the deceased man’s skull. Upon walking into the exhibition that was called Spirits and Headhunters I came across a well lit glass display that housed this art form.At first glance I felt quite intimidated and chilled by overall structure of the mask. The structure itself was biomorphic and oval shaped resembling that of human form. The hollowed oval eyes that seemed like blackened tunnels were the fo cal point. The skull portrayed a long widened nose was the most prominent form of the man’s face which made it appear to be closed form. There is a space where the mouth once was as if the man were to be half smiling. There are cracks in multiple places suggesting that this piece has been around for many years.Complimenting the face are three dull contrasting colors that the craftsman used which are orange, black and brown giving a form of balance. The orange takes up most of the forehead painted in an upside triangle form and continues down the center of the face. The black covers the other part of the forehead as well as the eyes and the rest of the face. Towards the side by the temples is the color brown where the paint tends to end. Laterally the view is the side of the painted face which extends back to the rounded back of the skull which I was not able to view.The foremost part of the skull towards the back appears to be marbled by different tones of beige. The structur e itself seems hardened yet fragile. The craftsman that made this traditional work of art possible for spiritual reasons created a simple yet unique face from the skull. Though my first impression was a bit startling I came to appreciate what this OVER- MODELED SKULL was about and entails. Since this is a way of life for the people of Oceania they would not look at this skull the same way others that were not educated on their way of life might.This fragile looking skull teaches us about one of the traditions of the Oceania people. After one of the high ranking men passed a modeled skull was to be made by a local craftsman to resemble him so the people could keep his spirit alive. There were ceremonies and rituals that were held for twenty years after the skull was remodeled. The skull was kept in the man’s house and after twenty years was disposed of because they thought the spirit couldn’t survive longer than that. This shows how diverse the world is in art and how w e might perceive what the meaning was intended to be. http://www. bowers. org/

Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness Essay - 1

Life, Liberty and the pursuit of happiness - Essay Example The main purpose of the research is to present that Life, Liberty and pursuit of happiness is a phrase which outline and indicate the unalienable rights given to all human beings by the God and the institution of government is formed to protect those rights. Jefferson’s original draft suggests that all men are created equal and from this creation, each of them derive and inherent the right to preservation of life, liberty and pursuit of happiness. The overall emphasis therefore is upon creation of men as equal and from within this equality, all men have the undeniable rights to preserve the life, have liberty and pursue the happiness. While this phrase is one of the well-known phrases in the declaration however, it is argued that Jefferson was largely influenced by Locke when he decided to include this phrase in declaration. Though, the original draft of Jefferson was refined subsequently however, debate remains regarding what were the actual influences on Jefferson to include this in the original draft. One argument is based upon the assumption that Jefferson was impressed by what Locke termed as the protection of property. Locke suggested that the very purpose of political society is to actually protect the property of individuals. Property, according to Locke, comprises of life, liberty or freedom and estate. Jefferson however, replaced the word estate with the word pursuit of happiness. The right to preserve the life has liberty and pursuit of happiness therefore was the basic promise State actually made to its citizens as one of its basic duties towards citizens.

Social science Research Proposal Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Social science - Research Proposal Example Whether one considers the progression between landline telephones, pagers, car phones, and eventually mobile communications and PDAs, such as are exhibited within the modern era, or whether one considers the growth and development of the microchip from what it was merely 30 years ago and to what it has become today, it is clear and obvious that technological change permeates nearly every aspect of the modern world in which we live. The intent of this brief analysis will be to understand technological integration within the field of museum presentation and cultural education can affect a greater overall understanding and appreciation with the stakeholder as compared to what has traditionally been affected over the past several decades; utilizing traditional approaches and techniques of information awareness. Regardless of how the times have changed, the key determinant question that the research will seek to speak to is whether or not existing technology can be leveraged as a means of generating more visits to museums and cultural institutions or whether or not current and past practices seek to fulfill this need to the best and most efficient degree. Firstly, as a level of measurement, a baseline of cultural integration and appreciation of traditional techniques will be measured with respect to total number of visits that museums operating under a non-technical interface and means of attraction have been able to garner over a time period of 10 years. Five specific museums within the capitals of Western Europe have been selected for analysis within such a study. Likewise, it must be understood that â€Å"low tech† approaches to museum visitorship have and will be defined as those museums that do not engage in any type of extensive electronic outreach. In other words, although web sites and certain types of limited mailing lists will be accepted for purposes of categorizing a particular subset of museums as leveraging older technology, the widespread relia nce upon smart phone apps and/or approaches that are heavily reliant upon social media will categorize a given set of museums within the technologically advanced category. As a result of a thorough literature review on the topic, it should be at least nominally expected that the museums and cultural institutions that have followed this traditional approach might necessarily experience little if any nominal increase with regards to the level of visitors and patrons they receive in any given year (Marty and Jones 28). However, whereas changes to overall levels could be noticed, these have oftentimes been attributed by other scholars as not pertaining to the level of technology or lack thereof; rather, they have been attributed to key changes in the economic, tourism rates, or other key indicators. In the same way, five separate museums, also within the capitals of five Western European nations will be analyzed to determine whether or not their technologically savvy approach has correl ated to more museum visits and/or a greater level of overall guests within the time period in question. From an analysis of the information and the literature that has been read concerning this reality, it is understood and surmised by the author that the use of technology within the cultural and historical museums of Western Europe, as well as the rest of the world, has a noticeable and verifiable

Emirates Airlines Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Emirates Airlines - Essay Example Emirates is one of the fastest growing airlines in the world and it has consistently posted an average of 20% growth in annual profit since 1985 (Plunkett, 2007). This research studies some key components of Emirates Airlines and how it relates to tourism and management. It examines the operational characteristics of the airline and how it aims at expanding its scope. The second section of the paper examines the financial performance of the airline and its implications. Finally, the paper examines the competitive situation of the airline and concludes on the findings. From the webpage of Emirates Airlines (Emirates Story, 2012), it started operating in October 1985. It aimed at providing high quality flight services to and from Dubai. The airline is mainly owned by the government of Dubai but it operates as an independent entity. Emirates has over 160 aircrafts and flies to over 100 destinations in 66 countries. A total of 40% of the flights are to or from Dubai. The growth in traffic for Emirates Airlines is characterized by the cumulative expansion of the airlines fleet. In 2001, there were just about 9 million passengers who flew on Emirates but by 2006, it had increased to 17.5 million (Graham et al, 2010). This is done through the offer of different classes of services that ensures that different people from different backgrounds are serviced by the airliner. Emirates flies to 111 cities and operates in five different global regions around the world (Emirates Routes, 2012). In each of these regions, Emirates Airlines provides various services that aim at meeting certain targets that are unique to the continent. In Africa, Emirates flies to 21 cities on the continent. Emirates flights to Africa was hinged on the expansion of business activities with Dubai. Since Dubai was set to become an international destination that links the developing world to Europe and North America. Due to the

Discuss mild cognitive impairment. Including the pathophysiology, Research Paper

Discuss mild cognitive impairment. Including the pathophysiology, symptoms, and prevelance - Research Paper Example The victims develop thinking problems are do not correspond to their age, but the symptoms are less severe compared to those of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). When an individual has MCI, the memory problem may be minimal to mild and at times may be rarely recognizable. In contrast to AD, which causes a gradual decline in cognitive abilities, in MCI memory insufficiency many remain stable for quite long. In some cases, such confirmation of memory loss by a relative, the MCI may progress and transform into AD (Gauthier & Rosa-Neto, 2011) In Mild Cognitive Impairment, the cognitive abilities are more than expected age-related changes but remain functional. As a result, MCI components may be amnestic and non-amnestic forms. MCI’s pathophysiology is multifactorial where amnestic MCI form roots from pathologic variations in AD that are not yet severe to cause dementia. Non-amnestic MCI relates to the cerebrovascular complication, front temporal dementia or no particular pathology. The diagnosis majorly acknowledges the fact that the victim can carry out all their regular activities successfully, without any additional assistance other than they previously required. First, the individual may complain of the typical problem in remembering the identity of people they recently met or trouble recognizing the immediate conversation flow. Additionally, the individual may experience increased tendency to misplace items or associated difficulties. In many scenarios, the individual will be well conversant with those problems and will counteract by always relying on notes and reminders (Gauthier & Rosa-Neto, 2011). The problems are less severe in comparison to the neurophysiological findings that relates to Alzheimer’s disease. In some instances, the victims may have mild problems in carrying out daily activities such as hobbies and another regular thing they did in the past. The old age individuals are more likely to experience MCI that is if they do have a direct